Lipophilic ions complexing dyes

That these sensors have practical significance is illustrated by the publications of Hisamoto et al. and Wang et al, which have described the measurement of common ions directly in serum [228, 229]. Alternatively, the complexation of the metal ion may influence the partition of the lipophilic dye in the membrane phase, which can affect the fluorescence yield of the dye. Recently this principle has been demonstrated with potential sensitive dyes by Wolfbeis and Mohr [231, 232]. This approach is also applicable to the sensing of neutral species and anions, as exemplified by sensor matrices for 2-phenetylamine [233] and nitrate [234]. 

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