Linear coherent light source

LCLS LDL LED LEEM Linear Coherent Light Source Low-density Lipoprotein Light-emitting Diode Low-energy Electron Microscopy... 

For all X-ray diffraction results, we assumed an X-ray beam of 8 keV photon energy with a sin2-pulse shape, and a half-width of 100 fs, which should roughly correspond to the situation at the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS) including timing jitter [6]. 

Most XTA measurements conducted so far employed continuous energy tunability in about 1-keV range from synchrotron sources and collected X-ray absorption spectra step-by-step at each individual X-ray photon energy defined by the monochromator. The current femtosecond X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) sources provide either monochromatic or narrowly distributed energy spectra that are not continuously tunable for the step-by-step approach. For example, the Linear Coherent Light Source (LCLS) at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAQ currently has about a 50-eV band width centered around 7.1 keV due to intrinsic bandwidth of self-amplified-spontaneous-emission (SASE). " ... 

Coherent light sources are characterized by a spectral intensity distribution E(oj) and a frequency-dependent phase 0(w). According to first-order perturbation theory, linear absorption probabilities are given by the overlap between the spectrum of the light source E(w) and the optical transition, and are independent of the phase function In non-linear processes (2nd... 

Since the nineteenth century, interferometers have been known as tools for the measurement of small linear displacements. Until the last few decades, this kind of measurement had a limited application and did not expand beyond laboratories since it required significant labor expenses, was complicated by the separation of coherent light source and its exploitation, and used a hands-on approach to the interference fringes calculation. 

The demonstration of linear incident power dependence for upconversion process using both coherent and noncoherent light sources ... 

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