Ligand number, average

As a measure for the growth rate we have simply taken the overall observed rate of production. This may not be the intrinsic rate of each catalyst, as part of the catalyst may be in an inactive state. The effect of the ligand bridge on the rate is moderate, but distinct. The effect on the number averaged molecular weight is much larger The approximate value of the rate of termination (chain transfer in this instance) is shown in the last column. 

In 1941, J. Bjerrum [65] developed the useful concept of average ligand number, n, defined as the mean number of ligands per central atom ... 

The average ligand number can be used to obtain approximate equilibrium constants, as described by [65], assuming that at half integer -values the two adjacent complexes dominate e.g., at = 0.5 the species and MA dominate, while at il = 1.5 MA and MA dominate, etc.. The following expression for the stepwise formation constant is approximately valid at... 

ILL and TM are related through a concept called the extent of complex formation, or average ligand number, n, first suggested by J. Bjemim (cf. Beck 1970). This equals... 

One additional manipulation of such thermodynamic parameters can be done to aid in planning an appropriate gradient elution sequence. A measure of the degree of complexation is the average ligand number n (nbar) ... 

Fig. 12. Average ligand number for lanthanide ions and yttrium (dotted curve) at pH4.S. The dashed line represents a potential logarithmic concentration gradient to optimize mutual separation of all lanthanides and Y.

Fig. 1 - The molar enthalpy change Ah for the reaction between thallium(lll)-ion and bromide as a function of the average ligand number n for two values of the thalliumflll) concentration, viz. 9,75 mM (O) and 1,95 mM (P).

Fig. 3-Observed average ligand number n v . the concentration of "free" SCN for NaSCN/DMA solutions.. The solid line has been calculated for K l.AQ...

---