Van der Waals interaction Lifshitz

The original derivation is given in B. W. Ninham and V. A. Parsegian, "Van der Waals interactions in multilayer systems" J. Chem. Phys. 53, 3398 02 (1970). The details of a modified derivation are given in R. Podgornik, P. L. Hansen, and V. A. Parsegian, "On a reformulation of the theory of Lifshitz-van der Waals-interactions in multilayered systems, J. Chem. Phys, 119, 1070-77 (2003). 

Alternatively, the Hamaker constant can be calculated in the Lifshitz quantum electrodynamic continuum approach [7], which incorporates all three types of van der Waals interactions for condensed systems (Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions) through surface tension determinations with apolar liquids (e.g. diiodomethane, a-bromonaphthalene)... 

In other words, the total potential energy of nanoparticle-liquid interactions is the sum of a Lifshitz-van der Waals interaction (y ), which means the surface free energy (dipole-dipole and dipole-induced dipole interaction), and Lewis acid-base interaction (y ). The Lewis acid-base interaction (y ) for the component i is simply calculated by the geometric mean of electron acceptor (y ) and donor (y ) ... 

Table 1.2 Examples of Energies of Lifshitz-van der Waals Interactions and Chemical Bonds...

The work of adhesion between the solid and aqueous solution Wsi depends on the pH value and is composed of a constant contribution due to dispersion (or Lifshitz-van der Waals) interactions and different contributions... 

The above brief summary of recent studies on wetting and spreading of liquids and polymers clearly indicates the contributions of Professor de Gennes and his colleagues in France. To us the importance of these studies is in the better understanding of the adsorption mechanism based on the Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions. 

Besides the Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions, there are short-range (<0.2 nm) forces due to the donor-acceptor interaction(67-69) or the acid-base interaction.( o) xhe role of the acid-base interaction in polymer adhesion has been studied by Fowkes(7i 72) and Bolger and Michaels.( 73) Recently Good et have examined the role of the interfacial hydrogen bond... 

Fowkes [15-16] suggested that surface free energy and thus the work of adhesion could be considered as a sum of components resulting from various types of intermolecular interactions. At present, it is conventional to express the work of adhesion as a sum consisting of a term for Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions and second term resulting from Lewis acid-base interactions [13]. Frequently, Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions are dominant. 

In the term Lewis acid-base interaction virtually all other types of specific chemical interactions are lumped together. In the most general imder-standing a Lewis acid-base interaction between two participants is present whenever an electron pair is shared by the two. This can range from a covalent bonding in one extreme to an ionic interaction in the other. This type of interaction is related to certain functional groups and does not need to be present permanently. Thus, it could be taken as an additional chemical contribution to ST, SFE and IFT in addition to the always present Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions. 

Lifshitz-van der Waals interaction acid-base interaction... 

The surface free energy of a solid can be described as the sum of the dispersive and specific contributions. Dispersive (apolar) interactions, also known as Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions, consist of London interactions which originate from electron density changes but may include both Keesom and Debye interactions [6, 7]. Other forces influencing the magnitude of surface energy are Lewis acid-base interactions which are generated between an electron acceptor (acid) and an electron donor (base). Details of the widely accepted theoretical... 

For purely Lifshitz-van der Waals interactions (symbolized by LW), the interfacial LW component of the surface tension for two materials, 1 and 2, can be obtained from the LW surface tension components of each by application of the Good-Girifalco-Fowkes combining rule (Good and Girifalco, 1960 Fowkes, 1963) ... 

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