Learned intermediary doctrine

Paytash, C.A., "Note, The Learned Intermediary Doctrine and Patient Package Inserts A Balanced Approach to Preventing Drug-Related Injury," Stanford L. Rev., 51, 1343-1371 (1999). 

Traditionally, the learned intermediary doctrine, shielded drug manufacturers and pharmacists from liability by imposing on the physician the duty to explain and to warn the patient about the effects of specific medications. Courts have remained reluctant to impose a duty to warn on pharmacists dispensing prescriptions, unless... 

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