Laser beam melting

Laser welding and drilling Laser beams can be used in industrial applications requiring exceptionally high precision, such as miniature assemblies and micro techniques in the electronic industry or spinnerets for the artificial fiber industry. The laser beam melts and joins the work pieces. 

Surface modification by a combination of laser-beam melting and alloying... 

Injection-Molding Tool Inserts by Laser Sintering or Laser Beam Melting... 

To erase information by the transition amorphous — crystalline, the amorphous phase of the selected area must be crystallized by annealing. This is effected by illumination with a low power laser beam (6—15 mW, compared to 15—50 mW for writing/melting), thus crystallizing the area. This crystallization temperature is above the glass-transition point, but below the melting point of the material concerned (Eig. 15, Erase). 

Natural crystals, synthetic crystals, and glasses often contain small bubbles that preserve samples of the fluid from which the crystals grew or of the atmosphere over the glass melt. Using a long focal length lens, the laser beam can be focused into inclusions at some depth below the crystal or glass surface. The Raman spectra then permit the identification of molecular species dissolved in the aqueous solutions or of components in the gas bubbles. ... 

The most widely deposition technique is the ion assisted deposition (lAD). A material in a melting-pot is vaporized by heating either with an electron beam, or by Joule effect, or with a laser beam, or with microwaves, or whatever else. The vapor flow condensates on the substrate. In the same time, an ion... 

Sato et al. " measured the viscosities of some binary and ternary alkali carbonates. Since melt creep must be prevented, a highly sintered alumina crucible was used instead of a gold-plated nickel crucible. Homogeneity of a mixture sample was achieved by gas bubbling. A laser beam is combined with a computer-assisted time counter to obtain the logarithmic decrement. Roscoe s equationi3i has been used for calculation of the viscosity, while it has been claimed by Abe et al. that the viscosities calculated from Roscoe s equation are 0.6-1.5% lower than those from more rigorous equations. 

The wave-front shearing interferometric method can be applied to transparent melts which do not attack cell windows made of silicate glass. The principle of this method has been given by Gustafsson. " A thin foil is placed vertically, a laser beam passing in the -direction along the plane. The heat is transferred in a melt in the direction of x. The slope of the... 

A CD-R drive is different from a standard CD-ROM drive since the laser can be used at different power levels. The highest level is used to burn the pits on the disk surface, whereas the lowest level reads the data without any damage to the surface of the disk. The laser beam, modulated by the recording signal, is focused on the groove, and heats and subsequently melts the recording dye layer to form pits by which the binary data is stored. This mechanism is discussed in more detail in Section 9.13.2.3.2. 

Disordering on surfaces Layers on materials Vapour deposition, laser surface melting, ion beam modification... 

It is expected that some day LASER beams will be powerful enough to be used as "death-rays and also to be used against missiles by heating them to melting point of metal... 

We developed an experimental procedure that can be applied to highly viscous polymer blends. In the DSM micro-extruder [6], polymers are blended in the melt, at the desired temperature and pressure, and injected into a small capillary tube which is immediately sealed with a floating plug. This capillary cell is placed in a small window autoclave and a laser beam enters the capillary cell at the lens-shaped bottom end. The intensity of the light scattered by the polymer system is recorded at two scattering angles (as a function of pressure and temperature). 

The mask is removed and a laser beam is scanned over the surface of the substrate to cause local heating. This heating melts the surface and induces both annealing of the surface and combination of the Hg with the CdTe to form the HgCdTe photo-detectors. Finally, read-out... 

---