Laminate forces and moments

First, the stress-strain behavior of an individual lamina is reviewed in Section 4.2.1, and expressed in equation form for the k " lamina of a laminate. Then, the variations of stress and strain through the thicyiess of the laminate are determined in Section 4.2.2. Finally, the relation of the laminate forces and moments to the strains and curvatures is found in Section 4.2.3 where the laminate stiffnesses are the link from the... 

The laminate forces and moments are obtained by integrating the stresses of each lamina through the total laminate thickness to obtain a force vector, N, and a moment vector, M, the components of which can be related to the strains, and and curvatures, x, of the laminae, where the superscript indicates that tlie strains are measured... 

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