Laminar Taylor vortex

Couette flow is a laminar circular flow occurring between a rotating (inner) cylinder and a static one, and the extension via increased speed of rotation to centrifugally-driven instabilities leads to laminar Taylor vortex flow, tending to turbulent flow as speed increases. Poiseuille flow is axial. 

Taylor vortices are toroidal in form and constitute a secondary laminar flow superimposed on the basic Oouette flow. For many years it has been suggested that the sequence of flows occurring as the Taylor number is increased is Couette flow, Taylor vortex flow, wavy Taylor vortex flow with travelling azimuthal waves superimposed on the... 

The study of laminar vortical structures has been well documented in the Taylor-Couette (TC) flow for an extensive range of gap sizes [33]. Of particular interest are the experimentally determined boundaries in the map of flow regimes [34], and specifically the flow regime where the propagating helical vortex and stationary toroidal vortex modes become stable simultaneously and interact in the axisym-... 

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