Kinetic methods, advantages integral

Although not very commonly used (with the exception of the initial rate procedure for slow reactions), the differential method has the advantage that it makes no assumption about what the reaction order might be (note the contrast with the method of integration, Section 3.3.2), and it allows a clear distinction between the order with respect to concentration and order with respect to time. However, the rate constant is obtained from an intercept by this method and will, therefore, have a relatively high associated error. The initial rates method also has the drawback that it may miss the effect of products on the global kinetics of the process. 

It is even more difficult to predict the future of kinetic methods. There is scope here for considerable development and they have many advantages they can be used for difficult mixtures, they are well suited for automation and kinetics is an integral part of every course in chemistry, so its principles are well understood. However, as yet, these methods have not become as widespread as one might expect.1... 

The convention in the field of chemical kinetics to use integrated rate equations whenever possible does not usually suit the field of enzyme kinetics. The main reason, obviously, lies in the complexity of biological systems. Reversible product formation, side reactions and/or inhibition phenomena are all reduced to a minimum by the initial rate method. Beside these advantages the major disadvantage is of course that a large number of experiments have to be performed, which is naturally very time consuming. 

Although kinetic methods based on differential laws are more exact and more generally applicable, integrated rate laws have the advantage of being more rapid. In addition, in some cases the integrated rate equations can be used to describe the entire course of a chemical reaction. 

M 85] [P 75] In order to determine reaction kinetics by a stopped-flow method, the mixing step within a microfluidic system was improved [161]. Traditionally, an efficient external T-channel mixer is used for this purpose. Now, the bimodal intersecting channel micro mixer was integrated into the system. The mixer has the following advantages over the current state of the art ... 

It can easily be understood that this method has practically no advantage in comparison with direct measuring the thickness of the growing ApBq layer. Its disadvantages are obvious. Firstly, the diffusional constants are calculated using the differential forms of kinetic equations. This usually produces a larger error than the calculations with the use of the integrated equations. Secondly, the amount of initial substances A and B consumed in the reaction of compound formation is in most cases much less than their... 

An alternative method is to use direct integration of the differential equations that describe the mechanism of the reaction. An advantage of this procedure is that the fitting is carried out directly to the raw data a disadvantage is that numerical integration has to be used, since in most cases, particularly those of any kinetic complexity, the resulting systems of differential equations cannnot be integrated analytically. 

---