IUPAC carbohydrate Chemistry

It should be noted that the numbering of the atoms in the IUPAC nomenclature differs from that in the nomenclature used in carbohydrate chemistry, which sometimes leads to confusion. The present article follows the IUPAC nomenclature, except for the compound with carbohydrate sources. 

Dn + An, etc.) recommended by IUPAC, which, though, for important reactions is given in a foortnote. The Jencks-Guthrie system is in my view superior, as it can indicate preassociation reactions and proton transfers, which are particularly important in carbohydrate chemistry, in a way that the older Ingold system cannot, but unfortunately in the 15 years since its formulation, the Jencks-Guthrie system has not found widespread acceptance. 

These Recommendations expand and replace the Tentative Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature [1] issued in 1969 jointly by the IUPAC Commission on the Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry and the IUB-IUPAC Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (CBN) and reprinted in [2]. They also replace other published JCBN Recommendations [3-7] that deal with specialized areas of carbohydrate terminology however, these documents can be consulted for further examples. Of relevance to the field, though not incorporated into the present document, are the following recommendations ... 

Not all problems were solved, however, and different usages were encountered on the two sides of the Atlantic. A joint British-American committee was therefore set up, and in 1952 it published Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature [18]. This work was continued, and a revised version was endorsed in 1963 by the American Chemical Society and by the Chemical Society in Britain and published [19]. The publication of this report led the IUPAC Commission on Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry to consider the preparation of a set of IUPAC Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature. This was done jointly with the IUPAC-IUB Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature, and resulted in the Tentative Rules for Carbohydrate Nomenclature, Part I, 1969 , published in 1971/72 in several journals [1]. It is a revision of this 1971 document that is presented here. In the present document, recommendations are designated 2-Carb-n, to distinguish them from the Carb-n recommendations in the previous publication. 

Since the early 1970s a panel convened by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry and the International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has been working to formulate recommendations for carbohydrate nomenclature that meet developing needs of research and electronic data handling, while retaining links to the established literature base on carbohydrates. The realization of these endeavors is presented here in the final document Nomenclature of Carbohydrates, which provides a definitive reference for current researchers, both in the text version and in the version accessible on the World Wide Web (http //www.chem.qmw.ac.uk/iupac/2carb/), where amendments and revisions are maintained. 

The Binding of Carbohydrate Structures with Antibodies and Lectins, R. U. Lemieux, Proc. of the 28th IUPAC Congress, Vancouver, Canada, 16-22 August 1981. In Frontiers in Chemistry, K. J. Laidler (Ed) Pergamon Press, Oxford (1981) pp. 3 26. 

Polysaccharides are formed by glycosidically linked carbohydrate (glycosyl) residues. As expected, the nomenclature of polysaccharides is based on the nomenclature of carbohydrates. The recommendations of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry-International Union of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Joint Commission on Biochemical Nomenclature (lUPAC-IUB JCBN) have been pub-lished and are open to the public at http //www. chem.qmul.ac.uk/iupac/2carb/39.html. 

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