Isotopes of bromine

When a uranium-235 atom undergoes fission, it splits into two unequal fragments and a number of neutrons and beta particles. The fission process is complicated by the fact that different uranium-235 atoms split up in many different ways. For example, while one atom of 292U is splitting to give isotopes of rubidium (Z = 37) and cesium (Z = 55), another may break up to give isotopes of bromine (Z = 35) and lanthanum (Z = 57), while still another atom yields isotopes of zinc (Z = 30) and samarium (Z = 62) ... 

E.35 A mass spectrum of Br2 has three peaks, with the mass numbers 158, 160, and 162. (a) Use this information to determine which isotopes of bromine occur in nature, (b) If the relative heights of the peaks, which depend on abundance, are 33.8, 33.3. and 32.9. respectively, which isotope is more abundant ... 

L5. Can you guess from data in the periodic table what the most important isotope of bromine is With the additional information that 8l,Br does not occur naturally, how can you amend that guess ... 

ISOTOPES There are a total of 40 isotopes of bromine. Of these, only two are stable Br-79 constitutes 50.69% of the stable bromine found on Earth, and Br-81 makes up 49.31% of the naturally occurring abundance. All the other isotopes of bromine are radioactive with half-lives ranging from 1.2 nanoseconds to 16.2 hours. 

Janghorbani, M., Davis, T.A. and Ting, B.T.G., Measurement of stable isotopes of bromine in biological fluids with ICP-MS. Analyst, 113 (1988) 405-411. 

Two naturally existing isotopes of bromine exist bromine-79 and bromine-81. Isotopes are two or more forms of an element. Isotopes differ from each other according to their mass number. The number written to the right of the element s name is the mass number. The mass number represents the number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus of an atom of the element. The number of protons determines the element, but the number of neutrons in the atom of any one element can vary. Each variation is an isotope. 

Thirty-four radioactive isotopes of bromine are known also. A radioactive isotope is one that breaks apart and gives off some form of radiation. Radioactive isotopes are produced when very small particles are... 

PROBLEM 6.14 The mass 82 isotope of bromine ( Br) is radioactive and is used as a tracer to identify the origin and destination of individual atoms in chemical reactions and biological transformations. A sample of 1,1,2-tribromocyclohexane was prepared by adding Br— Br to ordinary (nonradioactive) 1-bromocyclo-hexene. How many of the bromine atoms in the 1,1,2-tribromocyclohexane produced are radioactive Which ones are they ... 

When evaluating isotope peak intensities, the first step is to compare the intensity of the (P + 2) peak to the relative abundances of the heavy isotopes of bromine, chlorine, sulfur, and silicon. If there is a fairly close fit (with one or more... 

There are two different isotopes of bromine atoms. Under normal conditions, elemental bromine consists of Bt2 molecules, and the mass of a Bt2 molecule is the sum of the masses of the two atoms in the molecule. The mass spectrum of Br2 consists of three peaks ... 

PROBLEM 15.55 The two isotopes of bromine are Br and Br. These isotopes occur naturally in a 1 1 ratio. Based on this information, predict the ratios of the molecular ion and related isotopes of 1,1-dibromoethane. 

Assignment of these spectra involves some interpretation that can be reduced by grafting, for example, DBr, the two isotopes of bromine, make the interpretation safer. The different TOF-SIMS analysis of diazonium-derivatized surfaces are tabulated in Table 3.4. 

The anions themselves in solution present a different picture since they are subject to much lower quadrupolar interactions. In aqueous solution the anions are solvated by hydrogen bonding. At any one instant the pattern of hydrogen bonded water molecules around the anion does not have spherical symmetry but is always close to it. Thus the quadrupolar couplings are much lower than for the covalently bound halogens but are not zero. Typically, in aqueous solution and in the absence of extraneous influences, both isotopes of chlorine show Cl" line widths of 10-15 Hz, both isotopes of bromine show Br" line widths of 400 Hz, I" has a line width of over 1000 Hz. 

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