Isotachophoresis background

The separation scientist with experience gained from a LC background may tend to limit the modes of electrochromatography to reversed phase (RP), normal phase, ion-exchange and, maybe, size-exclusion. Analysts from an electrophoretic background typically use the term "CE" in a much broader sense to include the main modes of capillary zone electrophoresis, micellar electrokinetic chromatography, capillary gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing and isotachophoresis. 

K. Fukushi, Y. Nakayama and J.-l. Tsujimoto, Highly sensitive capillary zone electrophoresis with artificial seawater as the background electrolyte and transient isotachophoresis as the on-line concentration procedure for simultaneous determination of nitrite and nitrate in seawater, J. Chromatogr. A, 1005, 197-205, 2003. 

Capillary isotachophoresis began to develop as a modern instrumental analytical method at the end of the 1960s and the beginning of the 1970s and is now a well-established method with a good theoretical background and available commercial instrumentation directed nowadays toward miniaturization. It is... 

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