Iron oxide structures

Cornell, R.M. Schwertmann, U. 2003. The iron oxides Structure, properties, reactions, occurrences, and uses. Wiley-VCH. 

Cornell RM, Schwertmann U (1996) The iron oxides structure, properties, reaction, occurrence and uses. VCH, Weinheim, Germany... 

Cornell, R. M. Schwertmann, U. The Iron Oxides Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurrence and Uses 1996, VCH Weinheim. 

Fig. 2.1 Relationship between the inter-layer spacing and the intra-layer spacing (0-0 distance) in the hexagonal close packed and cubic close packed iron oxide structures (Mackay, 1961, with permission). CR I, CRN Green rust I and II...

The Iron Oxides Structure, Propeities, Reactions, Occurences and Uses. R. M. Cornell, U. Schwertmann Copyright 2003 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA,Weinhemi ISBN 3-527-30274-3... 

Cations differ from ligands in that they influence the crystallization of ferrihydrite over a wider pH range than do ligands. They usually require mol ratios (M/(M + Fe)) of 0.05-0.1 to influence the kinetics and products of the reaction, whereas ligands are often effective at hundredfold lower concentrations. In addition, cations are often incorporated in the iron oxide structure (see Chap. 3). The effects of Ti, VO , Pb ", Cr , and the first row divalent transition elements have been investigated. These effects vary widely, although retardation predominates. 

Among the experimental methods, that allow us to establish the concentration of surface hydroxyl groups are spectroscopy, methods based on chemical reactions, adsorption, and isotope exchange. The detailed survey of the applied experimental methods is presented by Boehm and Knozinger [36]. The densities of surface hydroxyl groups are presented in Table 2. Some of them, of the iron oxide structure, are beyond accepted hydroxyl group densities [39]. 

Morozova et al. (1997) NiO, iron oxides Structure-function correlations, morphology of precursor versus active phase formation + + + CO hydrogenation... 

U. Schwertmann and R. M. Cornell, Iron Oxides in the Laboratory , 2nd edn., VCH, Weinheim, 2000 R. M. Cornell and U. Schwertmann, The Iron Oxides Structure, Properties, Reactions, Occurrence and Uses , VCH, Weinheim, 1996. 

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