Introduction CO2 as Raw Material

The industrialization over the past few centuries and the utilization of carbon-rich fossil fuels such us coal, natural gas and oil has generated an era of prosperity and advancement for human development. However, there are numerous scientific and statistical evidences revealing that the carbon 

Ashutosh Tiwari and Salam Titinchi (eds.) Advanced Catalytic Materials, (271-312) 2015 Scrivener Publishing LLC 

Carbon dioxide is a thermodynamically very stable molecule because the carbon is in the highly oxidized state and requires reactive compoimds and effective catalysts for its activation. However, due to the electron deficiency of the carbonyl carbon, carbon dioxide has a strong affinity toward nucleophiles and electron-donating reagents [9]. One class of the important chemical products that can be synthesized from CO is the organic cyclic carbonates by coupling carbon dioxide and epoxides as nucleophiles. Organic cyclic carbonates are valuable chemicals that can be used as electrolyte precursors for the pharmaceutical and fine chemical intermediates. 

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