Insecticide dislodgeable

Figure 1 was taken from an unpublished report, DuPont Study No. AMR 4392-97, Dissipation of Dislodgeable Foliar and Soil Residues of Oxamyl Following Application of Vydate L Insecticide to Tomatoes in the USA - Season 1997-1998 . This study has been submitted to the EPA and the data were used to establish and verify re-entry intervals. Data from this study will be used to provide an example of the topics discussed throughout this article. 

Buck, N.A., B.J. Estesen, and G.W. Ware. 1980. Dislodgable insecticide residues on cotton foliage fenvalerate, permethrin, sulprofos, chlorpyrifos, methyl parathion, EPN, oxamyl, and profenofos. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 24 283-288. 

Somewhat water-soluble pesticides such as acid herbicides will be washed from foliar surfaces and into subsurface soils by rainfall. For example, dislodge-able turf residues of 2,4-D after a 2.54-cm rainfall have been reported to be only 1-5% of those found at 4-8 h after application (Nishioka et al., 1996 USEPA, 1997c). However, dew or rain on aged turf residues may increase their dislodgeability (Nishioka et al, 1996). OP insecticides are semivolatile and will vaporize from surfaces after applications. Chlorpyrifos vaporizes rapidly from lawns if applied in aqueous formulations. Diazinon, which is used on lawns as well as indoors, dissipates even more rapidly. However, the persistence of OP... 

Estesen, B.J., N.A. Buck, and G.W Ware. Dislodgable Insecticide Residues on Foliage Carbary 1, Cypermethrin, and Methanudophos, Bull Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 28 490-193 (1982). 

---