Insect hydrocarbons insects

Schal, C., Sevala, V. L Young, H. P. and Bachmann, J. A. S. (1998). Sites of synthesis and transport pathways of insect hydrocarbons cuticle and ovary as target tissues. American Zoologist 38 382-393. 

Chinese insect wax Insects (Coccus ceriferus) in Asia secrete this was on branches of ash and evergreen trees. The wax is scraped off and refined. It is composed of cerotic acid ester of ceryl alcohol with some free alcohols and hydrocarbons... 

Howard, R. W. and Blomquist, G. J. (2005). Ecological, behavioral, and biochemical aspects of insect hydrocarbons. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 50, 371-393. 

Lockey, K.H. (1991). Insect hydrocarbons classes implication for chemotaxonomy. Insect Biochem., 21, 91-97. 

Pomonis, J. G., Nelson, D. R. and Fatland, C.L. (1980). Insect Hydrocarbons 2. Mass spectra of dimethylalkanes and the effect of the number of methylene units between methyl groups on fragmentation../. Chem Ecol., 6, 965-972. 

Sevala, V., Shu, S., Ramaswamy, S.B. and Schal, C. (1999). Lipophorin of female Blattella germanica (L) characterization and relation to hemolymph titers of juvenile hormone and hydrocarbons../. Insect Physiol., 45, 431-441. 

Hadley, N.F. and Schultz, T.D. (1987). Water loss in three species of tiger beetles (Cicindela) correlations with epicuticular hydrocarbons../. Insect. Physiol., 33, 677-682. 

Lockey, K.H. (1992). Insect hydrocarbon chemotaxonomy Cuticular hydrocarbons of adult and larval Epiphysa species (Blanchard) and adult Onymacris unguicularis (Haag) (Tenebrionidae Coleoptera). Comp. Biochem. Physiol., 102B, 451 470. 

Second, the decarboxylase enzymes required to produce hydrocarbons apparently are not present in lepidopteran pheromone glands, but these enzymes are present in oenocyte cells where most insect hydrocarbon synthesis takes place (Blomquist et al., 1987). Thus, Lepidoptera that produce Type II pheromones must have a mechanism for transport of hydrocarbon pheromone components from the oenocytes to the pheromone gland, where... 

Petroski, R. J. and Bartelt, R.J. (2007). Direct aldehyde homologation utilized to construct a conjugated-tetraene hydrocarbon insect pheromone. J. Agric. Food Chem., 55, 2282-2287. 

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