Influenza hemagglutinin esterase

Fig. 1 Sialic acid binding sites of the hemagglutinin (a) and the neuraminidase (b) of influenza A virus and the hemagglutinin-esterase-fusion protein of influenza C virus (c). Molecular surfaces of HA and HEF trimers and the NA tetramer are shown. Receptor-binding sites of HA, HEF and the hemadsorption site of NA are colored ye/tow. The catalytic sites of NA and HEF are colored green. Sialic acid moieties in the binding sites of HA and NA are shown as stick models. The figtffe is based on crystal structures IMQM, 1W20, and IFLC from Protein Data Bank...

Zeng Q, Langereis MA, van Vliet AL, Huizinga EG, de Groot RJ (2008) Structure of coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase offers insight into corona and influenza virus evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105 9065-9069... 

Klausegger A, Strobl B, Regl G, Kaser A, Luytjes W, Vlasak R (1999) Identification of a coronavirus hemagglutinin-esterase with a substrate specificity different from those of influenza C virus and bovine coronavirus. J Virol 73 3737-3743... 

Klein A, Krishna M, Varki NM, Varki A (1994) 9-O-Acetylated sialic acids have widespread but selective expression analysis using a chimeric dual-function probe derived from influenza C hemagglutinin-esterase. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91 7782-7786... 

Matsuzaki, M., Sugawara, K., Adachi, K., Kongo, S., Nishimura, H., Kitame, R, and Nakamura, K., 1992, Location of neutralizing epitopes on the hemagglutinin-esterase protein of influenza C virus. Virology 189 79-89. 

Vlasak R, Krystal M, Nacht M, Palese P (1987) The influenza c virus glycoprotein (HE) exhibits receptor-binding (hemagglutinin) and receptor-destroying (esterase) activities. Virology 160 419-425... 

---