Industrial initiatives

New regulatory initiatives (e.g., from OSHA and EPA) and industry programs (e.g., the Chemical Manufacturers Association s Responsible Cate effort) have stimulated increased attention to PSM. While compliance is certainly a requirement in deciding to implement PSM, it is by no means the only ben t. Rather, compliance is the baseline from which other benefits evolve. The quality and effectiveness of the system your company ultimately adopts could well depend on how persuasively those benefits are conveyed. Remember, at this point in your initiative, the goal is to win endorsement of a concept, not approval of a full-fledged plan. The core of that concept is the idea that PSM offers benefits over and above compliance with new regulations, or conformance with an industry initiative. 

If your company is actively involved in industry initiatives such as Responsible Care , a formal mission statement may have been prepared that could be helpful as a guide. 

Commitments to industiy programs If your company is committed to an industry initiative, such as the American Petroleum Institute s RP750 or the Chemical Manufacturers Association s Responsible Care program, you will want to ensure that you are consistent with the framework used by that program. 

The development of such systems is expensive and time consuming, and the major industrial initiatives have been undertaken on a collaborative... 

Modem requirements of the capacitor industry initiate further development of tantalum powder production processes. The tendency is to produce powder of higher purity with a higher specific charge and at lower cost. Further development of the processes can be successfully achieved based on current achievements in the chemistry of tantalum and niobium fluoride compounds. 

The chemical industry initiated the Responsible Care program... 

Slimicide and biocide toxic pollutants containing pentachlorophenol are used at mills in the pulp, paper, and paperboard industry. Initially, pentachlorophenol was used as a replacement for heavy metal salts, particularly mercuric types. Trichlorophenols are also used because of their availability as a byproduct from the manufacture of certain herbicides. Formulations containing organo-bromides and organo-sulfur compounds are also being used. Substitution of alternative slimicide and biocide formulations can lead to the virtual elimination of pentachlorophenol and trichlorophenol from these sources. 

Several voluntary industry initiatives, such as ACC s Responsible Care and NACD s Responsible Distribution Process (RDP), provide guidance on process safety management for chemical manufacturers and distributors. However, no voluntary industry initiatives list specific codes or requirements for reactive hazard management. 

Tin(II) 2-ethylhexanoate is an important industrial initiator for cyclic ester polymerization [Duda and Penczek, 2001 Kricheldorf et al., 2001 Storey and Sherman, 2002]. Metal car-boxylates are useful initiators only in the presence of alcohols. The polymerization rate is very slow in the absence of alcohol, less than 1% of the rate in the presence of alcohol. The actual initiator is the metal alkoxide formed by the reaction between metal carboxylate and alcohol. 

The publicahon in 1992 [1] of a table comparing the E factors of various industry segments raised awareness of the high levels of waste generahon in the pharmaceuhcal industry. Initial efforts to explain this state of affairs highhghted ... 

One of the key elements for its success is most probably the composition of the organization. It was founded in 1990 as a joint regulatory/industry initiative. The six cosponsors are the EC and the EFPIA (European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries Association) for the EU, the MHLW and JPMA (Japan Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association) for Japan, and the U.S. FDA and PhRMA (Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America) for the United States. 

Pd(OAc)2 with ethylene forms vinyl acetate. Industrial production of vinyl acetate from ethylene and AcOH has been developed by Imperial Chemical Industries, initially in the liquid phase [55]. However, due to operational problems caused mainly by corrosion, the liquid-phase process was abandoned. Then a gas-phase process using a supported Pd catalyst was developed [56]. Vinyl acetate is now produced commercially, based on this reaction in the gas phase, using Pd supported on alumina or silica as a catalyst in the absence of any Cu(II) salt [57]. It seems likely that Pd(OAc)2 is generated from the supported Pd by the reaction with AcOH and 02 at high temperature. 

It has been my pleasure to know Orlando Lopez as a friend for some years, and it has also been my privilege to work with him in his specialty field, computer systems validation and compliance. Orlando is well known in the industry as an enthusiastic advocate and supporter of industry initiatives such as GAMP, and a valued contributor to various task teams and committees. 

Many industry initiatives feature the integration of sample-... 

The rapid growth of LC/MS experienced in the pharmaceutical industry was in many ways fortuitous. Development of the LC/MS interface coincided with industry initiatives that made it imperative to understand, acquire, and integrate this technology into the drug... 

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