INDEX open-angle

Particles of kinetic energy 400 MeV are incident on a medium of index of refraction of 1.888. One observes Cerenkov radiation with an opening angle of 0 = cos 1(0.55). What are the particles ... 

Quartz fiber optics. These have been found to be very useful for radiation transmission. Small lenses are used so as to respect the opening angle of the fiber. This depends on the refractive index of the material, which because of optical transmission... 

The primary beam Sq is usually chosen to be perpendicular to the rotation axis. Let this be the c axis, [001]. It is easy, with the help of one of the Laue equations (3.38), to calculate the half-opening angles of the cones, I being the Miller index characterizing the layer (Fig. 3.29) ... 

Quartz fiber optics These have been found to be very useful for radiation transmission. Small lenses are used so as to respect the opening angle of the fiber. This depends on the refractive index of the material, which because of optical transmission reasons is usually quartz, and is often of the order of 30-40°. A typical illumination of a spectrometer with an optical fiber (Fig. 17) uses a lens (diameter d) for imaging the source on the fiber. Fibers or fiber beams with a diameter of D = 600 pm are often used. Then the magnification (x/D) as well as the entrance angle tga = (d/2)/a2 and the lens formula determine the / number of the lens... 

Example 12.2 Coat Hanger Die Design We specify the coat hanger die manifold radius along the entire width of the die, if the manifold axis is straight and makes an angle a = 5° with the x coordinate (see Fig. 12.29). The slit opening is set at H — 0.05 cm, the half-width W = 100 cm, and the Power Law index of the polymer melt n — 0.5. 

This variation of the ellipsometric angles is compared with a two-layer optical model the open squares correspond to a hard a C H film with refractive index h = 2.1 — i0.13 and variable film thickness d. At point 1, the film thickness is d = 31.62 nm while d = 31.71 nm at point 1. A polymer-like film with refractive index n = 1.62 — 0 on top of a 31.62 nm thick hard film is represented by open circles. In both model curves, film thickness increases by Sd = 0.01 nm between consecutive model points in the direction of decreasing values for A. 

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