Incipient pulsed fluidization

It should be noted that the term fluidization does not adequately reflect the bed behavior as particles in the PFB are vibrated rather than fluidized. Thus, at incipient pulsed fluidization (also called the lower pulsed fluidization velocity) and above, the bed performs as the vibrated or vibro-fluidized bed with frequency and amplitude depending on air velocity, static bed height, and frequency of the air stream relocation (GawrzynsM and Glaser, 1996 Blacha-Jurkiewicz, 1987). With increasing air velocity, more air bubbles and isolated spouts appear in the bed this velocity is called the upper (developed) pulsed fluidization velocity. Above this velocity, the bed turns into a classical... 

Incipient pulsed fluidization velocity, m/s (if cp and e are not known) Developed/incipient pulsed fluidization velocities ratio... 

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