In lunar samples

Regnier, S., Hohenberg, C. M., Marti, K., and Reedy, R. C., "Predicted versus observed cosmic-ray-produced noble gases in lunar samples Improved Kr production ratios", Proc. Lunar Planet. Sci. Conf., 10th, 1979, 1565-1586. 

Marti, K. and Lugmair, G. W., "81Kr-Kr and K-40Ar ages, cosmic-ray spallation products and neutron effects in lunar samples from Oceanus Procell arum", Proc. Second Lunar Sci. Conf., 1971, 2, 1591-1605. 

Leya I, Wider R, Halliday AN (2000) Cosmic-ray production of tungsten isotopes in lunar samples and meteorites and its implications for Hf-W cosmochemistry. Earth Planet Sci Lett 175 1-12 Loss RD, Lugmair GW (1990) Zinc isotope anomalies in Allende meteorite inclusions. Astrophys J 360 L59-L62... 

Source of data Handbook of Geochemistry (K. H. Wedepohl, ed., Springer-Verlag, New York) Isotopes showing the Mossbauer effect isotope occurs in lunar samples and meteorites. 

Fig. 4. Schematic of one method for analysis of carbide and CH4 in lunar samples by deuterated acid dissolution and gas-solid chromatography...

As illustrated in Fig. 10, europium anomalies are found not only in lunar samples but also, for example, in the silicate phase of mesosiderites. This is strong evidence that these meteorites have undergone extensive magmatic fractionation. Of course, a low partial pressure of oxygen is required in order to keep europium in the 2+ state. 

Fig. 14. Correlation of large-ion lithophile elements (LIL) following lanthanum in lunar samples. Note that Be (R = 0.35 A) fractionates together with the LIL elements. From Wanke et al.13)...

Table 13. Comparison of the calculated element concentrations with those found in lunar samples.

Figure 2 A three-isotope diagram illustrating compositional variations in lunar samples and meteorites, as observed in stepwise in vacuo etching and pyrolysis. Since the observed isotopic compositions do not lie on a single straight line, at least three isotopically distinct components must contribute in variable proportions. These data are interpreted as superposition of solar wind (SW), solar energetic particles (SEP), and galactic cosmic ray, i.e., spallation (GCR)...

Heymann D. and Yaniv A. (1970) Ar" anomaly in lunar samples from Apollo 11. Proc. Apollo 11 Lunar Sci. Conf. 1261-1267. 

Wider R. (1998) The solar noble gas record in lunar samples and meteorites. Space Sci. Rev. 85, 303-314. 

D) Kr and Xe. The only available direct data of Kr and Xe in the Sun are from implanted solar wind (SW) atoms in lunar samples and gas-rich meteorites. These data are not very useful for abundance determinations, because both elements are enriched in the solar corpuscular radiation, as is discussed in the Moon section. The most reliable way to estimate the Kr and Xe abundances in the Sun is by interpolating concentrations of suitable isotopes in Cl chondrites. Best suited are isotopes of elements close to Kr and Xe in the periodic system which are largely produced by s-process nucleosynthesis. Table 2 lists the values given by Palme and Beer (1993). Uncertainties of the s-process calculations are estimated to be 5-10%, to which another similar uncertainty has to be added for the abundances of the elements used for interpolation. The Kr and Xe estimates in Table 2 differ by -15-20% from those adopted by Anders and Grevesse (1989), which... 

Note that in the next subsection and in XbtMoon section we will discuss a noble gas component in lunar samples also dubbed SEP, as it is thought to be of solar origin and implanted at higher energies than the solar wind. This component seems, however, not to represent the same energy range as SEPs detected in space. 

Figure 9. Isotopic composition of solar He in lunar samples as a function of the antiquity indicator The approximate antiquity (Fig. 7) is shown on the upper abscissa. Bulk...

The abundance ratio N/ Ar in lunar samples is about an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding solar wind ratio (e.g., Kerridge 1993). 

Pepin RO, Nyquist LE, Phiimey D, Black DC (1970a) Isotopic composition of rare gases in lunar samples. Science 167 550-553... 

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