Hysteresis curve, magnetic

Figure 1. Schematic diagram of a hysteresis curve for a typical ferromagnet showing magnetization (a) as a function of the applied magnetic field (H) Saturation magnetization Is Indicated by Os- Inset shows the multidomain structure and subdomain superparamagnetlc clusters.

Figure 2. Plot of relative magnetization, a/Os ns a function of H/T. (a) A paramagnetic system Is characterized by an effective magnetic moment, with a Bohr Magneton number vlO per Ion, and by the absence of hysteresis. Paramagnetic saturation occurs at very high "H/T" == 10 Oe K"l. (b) l.angevln curve for S.P. clusters, (c) Part of a ferromagnetic hysteresis curve.

Figure 17. The magnetization hysteresis curve at 300 K of SmCos nanoparticles prepared from SnCF and Cofacacfs in the presence of PVP at 573 K. (Reprinted from Ref [235], 2006, with permission from Wiley-VCH.)...

Hysteresis curves for a magnetically hard and a magnetically soft ferromagnetic material. S = saturation magnetization, R = remanent magnetization, K = coercive force... 

Figure 10.5 Magnetic hysteresis curve recorded on a 1 1 diluted powder sample in the isostructural Y3+ compound at 1.8K. (Reprinted from Ref. [29b]. Copyright (2011) American Chemical Society.)...

Substances used as permanent magnets need a large coercive force, so that they are not easily demagnetised and preferably should also have a large remanent magnetisation. These substances have fat hysteresis curves. They are often made from... 

The magnetic properties may be determined by measurement of hysteresis curves on the powder or magnetic tape. 

A quantitative study of the process indicates that, as the field intensity H increases, the magnetic induction B also increases in a manner characteristic of the substance, This is conveniently represented by a graph, which is called the magnetization curve. See Fig. 1. Its initial slope is the initial permeability (/Xo). If H is carried to some maximum value H , and then reduced (to - //,), R follows the dotted hysteresis curve. B does not fall off as it was built up (solid line) the residual induction B, is... 

Magnetization hysteresis curves for the powder samples of Sm2Fei7N>, are compared to that of the raw powder material (Figure 10.10), and their fundamental magnetic properties are summarized in Table 10.5. The powder sample obtained by ball-milling in pure hexane showed only a small hysteresis loop (curve a), and the Br and iHc values were 1.00 T and... 

A square-loop hysteresis curve for permalloy can be obtained by heat treating in a magnetic field. 

An important achievement concerning the challenge of obtaining high Curie temperatures was reported for the compound V [TCNE]xyCH2Cl2 [62]. This is the first room-temperature molecular magnet reported so far. Tc is estimated to be 400 K, and the coercive field is Hc = 60 G. This material has a considerable conductivity, crRX = 10 3 S-cm1. Figure 13 shows the hysteresis curve at room temperature. 

Figure 3.31. A B-H magnetization hysteresis curve for a ferromagnetic material. Reproduced with permission from Cardarelli, F. Materials Handbook, Springer New York. Copyright 2000 Springer Science and Business Media.

The top panel of Figure 28.2 schematically shows the hysteresis curves of ferromagnetic stripes with two different widths. Without loss of generality we assign the magnetically softer, i.e. the wider stripe, to the drain (D) and the magnetically harder one, i.e. the narrower stripe, to the source electrode (S). 

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