3-Hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl Statins

The cholesterol-lowering agents 3-hydroxy-methyl-glutaryl Co-A reductase (HMG Co-A reductase) inhibitors (statins) have been demonstrated to reduce the risk... 

Fig. 8. Most important steps in the biosynthesis of cholesterol. The reduction of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) to yield mevalonic acid is an important rate-limiting step and also the site of attack of the HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors (statins).

In order to increase the effectiveness of PS in the reduction of CHD-associated factors, PS can be used in combination with other drugs or bioactive substances [23], For instance, PS have been used in combined therapies with statins (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) inhibitors) [36], with... 

While statin drugs (drugs eurrently used to reduce blood cholestm) levels) inhibit 3-hydroxy-3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A reductase in the cholestmrl synthesis pathway, policosanol inhibits the same pathway but a step earlier Pohcosanol could, therefore, prove to be a useful alternative to statin drugs. 

Of the cholesterol-lowering medications available to date, statins are currently the first choice for treating patients with hypercholesterolemia. They lower serum LDL cholesterol concentrations by 24-50% (Knopp, 1999) by blocking the synthesis of cholesterol through inhibition of the action of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase in the fiver. 

This mutant was also shown to accept 3-azidopropanal 39 as a new substrate in a sequential aldol reaction to form a novel azidopyranose 40, offering a new pathway for the synthesis of one of the building blocks 41 of atorvastatin (Scheme 28.19). Atorvastatin is the best-selling statin (marketed under the name of Lipitor by Pfizer, New York, NY), drug used to lower the cholesterol levels by inhibiting the HMG CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A) reductase, which plays a central role in the production of cholesterol in the fiver. ... 

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