Holmium spectroscopy

EINECS 231-169-0 Holmium, Metallic element getter in vacuum tubes, research in electrochemistry, spectroscopy, Meta mp = 1474° bp = 2700°, Atomargic Chemetats Cerac Noah Chem.i Rhone-Poulenc. 

The bis(methylcyclopentadienyl) rare earth chorides of gadolinium, erbium and ytterbium have been prepared according to eq. (17) as colorless, pink or red crystals. They are monomeric in tetrahydrofuran, but dimeric in benzene solution (Maginn et al., 1963). The corresponding dysprosium and holmium compounds were prepared by Crease and Legzdins (1973b), the yttrium and lutetium derivatives by W.J. Evans et al. (1982a) and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. 

Per T. Cleve, Uppsala Marc Delafontaine, Geneva Louis Soret, Geneva Holmium 1878 Spectroscopy was invented about 1850. It was of great benefit in REM discoveries... 

Cleve in Sweden concentrated on the erbium that remained after the separation of ytterbium. He carried out extensive separation work in 1878-9 and obtained three fractions. Using spectroscopy he found that one was erbium but the other two contained new elements. He called these thulium, after Thulia, the old Roman name of the uttermost North, and holmium, after Holmia, the Latin name of Stockholm. As already mentioned, Delafontaine and Soret had in fact found lines of a foreign element during the spectral analysis of an erbium sample they had obtained from Marignac. This element, erbium-X or element-X, appeared to be identical with holmium. In tables of discoverers, Delafontaine and Soret are mentioned alongside Cleve. 

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