Histones post-synthetic modifications

Abstract Post-synthetic modification of histone proteins in chromatin architecture plays a central... 

The four core histones, H2A, H2B, H3, H4 and their variants, and the linker histone HI subtypes are susceptible to a wide range of post-synthetic modifications, including acetylation, phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and ADP-ribosylation (Figs. 1 and 2). In this chapter, the four latter modifications and their functions in chromatin structure and function are presented. 

DNA methylation and chromatin structure beyond the post-synthetic modifications of histones and other proteins... 

The notion that DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that acts in conjunction with post-synthetic modifications of histones and other proteins is nowadays widely accepted and is the focus of major research effort worldwide. It must be noted though that this is probably not the only way through which methylation affects chromatin structure, and that DNA methylation may directly modulate some basic structural features of nucleosomes or the chromatin fibers they form. 

Histones are also subject to reversible post-synthetic modifications, including phosphorylation, acetylation, and poly ADP-ribosylation. The functions of these modifications remain to be fully established, but there are good indications that ... 

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