High temperature reaction

As shown by Lunsford and co-workers, on Li/MgO catalysts the initial step in the coupling of methane is the abstraction of hydrogen by Li+0 centers. This leads to the formation of methyl radicals. SSITKA was able to give quantitative information about reactive intermediates and reaction pathways over the catalyst. According to the SSITKA results, the catalyst contributes more than the methyl radical generator centers. It provides two parallel carbon pathways for methane conversion. IOut of the two pathways, one is active in the formation of CO and CO2, while the other 

Peil et also did another study considering the effect of readsorp- 

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The rapid reaction of CIF and BrF with metals is the basis of the commercial use in cutting pipe in deep oil weUs (64—68). In this appHcation, the pipe is cut by the high temperature reaction of the halogen fluoride and the metal. 

In pigments, 2irconium sHicate serves as the host lattice for various chromophores, such as vanadium, praseodymium, iron, etc. Zirconium sHicate crystals are usuaHy formed in situ during pigment preparation by a high temperature reaction of Zr02 and Si02 ... 

Ultramarine blues are prepared by a high temperature reaction of intimate mixtures of china clay, sodium carbonate, sulfur, siHca, sodium sulfate, and a carbonaceous reducing agent, eg, charcoal, pitch, or rosin. 

Occurrence ndPreparation. Carbonyl sulfide is formed by many high temperature reactions of carbon compounds with donors of oxygen and sulfur. A principal route is the foUowiag reaction (30) ... 

On the other hand, both chrysotile and the amphiboles exhibit a high degree of chemical inertia towards strong alkaHes over extended periods. At high temperatures, reactions with alkaHes (NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2) become significant over relatively short periods for example, crocidoHte was reported to be attacked by potassium hydroxide above 100°C (22). 

NOx is primarily formed through high temperature reaction between Nitrogen and Oxygen from the air. 

This is an endothermic reaction in which a volume increase accompanies dehydrogenation. The reaction is therefore favoured by operation at reduced pressure. In practice steam is passed through with the ethylbenzene in order to reduce the partial pressure of the latter rather than carrying out a high-temperature reaction under partial vacuum. By the use of selected catalysts such as magnesium oxide and iron oxide a conversion of 35-40% per pass with ultimate yields of 90-92% may be obtained. 

Nitrogen oxides High-temperature reaction between Adverse health effects... 

Perfluoroisobutylene undergoes cycloadditions with azides only at elevated temperatures, the reaction can lead to subsequent loss of nitrogen [6] (equation 4) In another high-temperature reaction, chlorotrifluoroethylene undergoes cy cloaddition with the azomethineylide generated from the thermal electrocyclic nng opening of an azindine, a reaction that contributes to a good overall synthesis of 3,4-difluoropyrroles [7] (equation 5)... 

Other routes are the thermal decomposition of (NH4)2Cr207, the reaction of NH3 with bromine water, or the high-temperature reaction of NH3... 

Hardness on the Mohs scale is often above 8 and sometimes approaches 10 (diamond). These properties commend nitrides for use as crucibles, high-temperature reaction vessels, thermocouple sheaths and related applications. Several metal nitrides are also used as heterogeneous catalysts, notably the iron nitrides in the Fischer-Tropsch hydriding of carbonyls. Few chemical reactions of metal nitrides have been studied the most characteristic (often extremely slow but occasionally rapid) is hydrolysis to give ammonia or nitrogen ... 

Water-gas is produced by the high-temperature reaction of water and C ... 

The rate constants (in absolute solvents unless otherwise specified) are measured at a temperature giving a convenient reaction rate and calculated for a reference temperature used for comparison. These constants have all been converted to the same units and tabulated as 10 A . Where comparisons could otherwise not be made, pseudo-unimolecular constants (Tables IX and XIII, and as footnoted in Tables X to XIV) are used. The reader is referred to the original articles for the specific limits of error and the rate equations used in the calculations. The usual limits of error were for k, 1-2% or or 2-5% and logio A, 5%, with errors up to double these figures for some of the high-temperature reactions. 

Lefrancois, P. A. and Hoyt, W. B., Chemical Thermodynamics of High Temperature Reactions in Metal Testing Corrosion , Corrosion, 19, 360t (1963)... 

Low density polyethylene produced by a high-pressure high-temperature reaction process. This creates a molecule with a high degree of random branching. Thus crystallinity and hence density are low. 

Thermal cracking takes place without a catalyst at temperatures up to 900 °C. The exact processes are complex, although they undoubtedly involve radical reactions. The high-temperature reaction conditions cause spontaneous homolytic breaking of C-C and C-H bonds, with resultant formation of smaller fragments. We might imagine, for instance, that a molecule of butane... 

Some catalysts used in gasoline manufacture consist of finely divided platinum supported on an inert solid. Suppose that the platinum is formed by the high temperature reaction between platinum dioxide, PtOj, and hydrogen gas to form platinum metal and water. 

Surface Studies with the Vacuum Microbalance High-Temperature Reactions Earl A. Gulbransen The Heterogeneous Oxidation of Carbon Monoxide Morris Katz... 

Streng, Several High Temperature Reactions Involving Cyanogen and Like Compounds as High Brightness Chemical Pyrotechnic Sources ... 

A considerable amount of research has been conducted on the decomposition and deflagration of ammonium perchlorate with and without additives. The normal thermal decomposition of pure ammonium perchlorate involves, simultaneously, an endothermic dissociative sublimation of the mosaic crystals to gaseous perchloric acid and ammonia and an exothermic solid-phase decomposition of the intermosaic material. Although not much is presently known about the nature of the solid-phase reactions, investigations at subatmospheric and atmospheric pressures have provided some information on possible mechanisms. When ammonium perchlorate is heated, there are three competing reactions which can be defined (1) the low-temperature reaction, (2) the high-temperature reaction, and (3) sublimation (B9). 

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