Herbicides physical

The following categories of information are available among others biochemistry, health, medications, MSDS, pesticides/ herbicides, physical properties, regulations, structures and trading... 

PERFLUOROALKYLPYRIDINES New developments ia trifiuoromethylpyridine technology are associated with the commercialization of numerous crop-protection chemicals as herbicides, fungicides, and iasecticides (Table 15). Physical properties for representative trifiuoromethylpyridines are fisted ia Table 13. 

Inhibitors must possess chemical and physical properties that will ensure absorption by root tips or penetration by foliar surfaces, and translocation to the active site. Once there they must assume the precise spatial configuration required to complement the molecular architecture of the active center if they are to block the key reaction. A comprehension of comparative biochemistry and information on how plants differ in the architecture of the reactive sites should assist in developing truly selective herbicides. 

We would like to thank David Firestone of the Division of Chemistry and Physics, FDA for providing us with samples of TCDD, Klaus Bie-mann and Charles Hignite of the Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology for assistance in the early stages of this work, David Parrish of the Department of Chemistry, Harvard University for assistance in developing the MS—9—CAT system, and William Doering of the Department of Chemistry, Harvard University for the use of laboratory facilities. This work was supported by the Herbicide Assess-... 

The method using GC/MS with selected ion monitoring (SIM) in the electron ionization (El) mode can determine concentrations of alachlor, acetochlor, and metolachlor and other major corn herbicides in raw and finished surface water and groundwater samples. This GC/MS method eliminates interferences and provides similar sensitivity and superior specificity compared with conventional methods such as GC/ECD or GC/NPD, eliminating the need for a confirmatory method by collection of data on numerous ions simultaneously. If there are interferences with the quantitation ion, a confirmation ion is substituted for quantitation purposes. Deuterated analogs of each analyte may be used as internal standards, which compensate for matrix effects and allow for the correction of losses that occur during the analytical procedure. A known amount of the deuterium-labeled compound, which is an ideal internal standard because its chemical and physical properties are essentially identical with those of the unlabeled compound, is carried through the analytical procedure. SPE is required to concentrate the water samples before analysis to determine concentrations reliably at or below 0.05 qg (ppb) and to recover/extract the various analytes from the water samples into a suitable solvent for GC analysis. 

Aniline is an aromatic amine used in the manufacture of dyes, dye intermediates, rubber accelerators, and antioxidants. It has also been used as a solvent, in printing inks, and as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, photographic developers, plastics, isocyanates, hydroquinones, herbicides, fungicides, and ion-exchange resins. It is produced commercially by catalytic vapor phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene (Benya and Cornish 1994 HSDB 1996). Production of aniline oil was listed at approximately 1 billion pounds in 1993 (U.S. ITC 1994). Chemical and physical properties are listed in Table 1-2. 

Arsine is an extremely toxic, colorless gas used extensively in the semiconductor industry. Arsine also is used in mining and manufacturing processes involving arsenicals and in paints and herbicides containing arsenicals (Risk and Fuortes 1991). Annual production has been estimated at over 10,000 pounds and is likely increasing with greater use in the semiconductor industry (U.S. EPA 1980). The physical and chemical data for arsine are shown in Table 2-2. 

Chloroacetaldehyde, production from acetaldehyde, 1 105 Chloroacetamide, l 142 herbicides, 13 303 Chloroacetate esters, 1 142 physical properties of, 1 142t Chloroacetic acid, 1 136-139 end use of chlorine, 6 135t physical properties of, l 137t producers, l 139t... 

Teratogenic (fetus deforming) effects on rats and mice were reported for 2,4,5-T and the isooctyl ester of 2,4-D, while mortality and physical abnormalities were shown to increase in chick embryos of gamebird eggs sprayed with 2,4-D at rates commonly used in field applications [153,166]. The most extensively used halo-genated benzoic acid herbicides are Chloramben and Dicamba. 

Bailey, G.W. and White, J.L. Herbicides a compilation of their physical, chemical, and biological properties, Residue Rev., 10 97-122, 1965. 

Studies were initiated at Iowa State University in 1977 to determine if pesticides would be contained and degraded when deposited in water/soil systems. Although the addition of known amounts of the selected pesticides was controlled, the physical environment was not temperature, humidity, wind speed, etc. were normal for the climate of Central Iowa. Four herbicides and two insecticides were chosen on the basis of three factors. Firstly, they represented six different families of pesticides. The four herbicides, alachlor, atrazine, trifluralin, and 2,4-D ester, represent the acetanilides, triazines, dinitroanilines, and phenoxy acid herbicides, respectively. The two insecticides, carbaryl and para-thion, represent the carbamate and organophosphorus insecticides, respectively. Secondly, the pesticides were chosen on the basis of current and projected use in Iowa Q) and the Midwest. Thirdly, the chosen pesticides were ones for which analytical methodology was available. 

I would like to acknowledge the many contributions made by members of Dr. B. Cross and my Organic Synthesis Groups, the support and data provided by Drs. D. R. Ciarlante and P. L. Orwick and the Herbicide Discovery Group and the nmr analysis provided by Mr. F. Heim and Dr. P. C. Mowery of the Physical and Analytical Research Section. 

Grayson BT, WUhams KS, Freehauf PA, Pease RR, Ziesel WT, Sereno RL, Reinsfelder RE, The physical and chemical properties of the herbicide cin-methyhn, Pestic Sci 21 143—153, 1987. 

Qulzalofop-ethyl Q) (4) which has been developed as an effective herbicide by Nissan Chemical Industries Ltd. Is needed as Its crystalline state In commercial production. But no physical properties solubilities and/or any other Information useful for the crystallization of the compound have not appeared to be available. 

Physical Form. Colorless, crystalline solid Uses. Herbicide Exposure. Inhalation... 

Physical Form. Crystalline solid Uses. Herbicide... 

Physical Form. Colorless liquid the commercial herbicide is light tan powder... 

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