Henry III of France

Court alchemists included Giordano Bruno (Henry III of France, 1551-1589), John Dee (Elizabeth I, Charles I) and Joseph Duchesne (Henry IV of France, 1553-1610). 

King Henry III of France established the Ordre du Saint-Esprit or Order of the Holy Ghost in 1578. Henry s purpose was to bind the French nobility to his side in the midst of religious turmoil. This included the now infamous Bartholomew s Day Massacre, on 24 August 1542 where Henry III ordered the murder of hundreds of Protestants who were in Paris for the wedding of his sister Marguerite to the Huguenot leader, Henri de Navarre. 

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