Helium history

This has led to such cases in the history of chemistry that spectroscopic signals have been unidentified till newly discovered elements was found (e.g. rubidium, caesium, indium, helium, rhenium) or new species (highly ionized atoms, e.g. in northern lights [aura borealis], luminous phenomena in cosmic space and sun aura, such as nebulium , coronium , geocoronium , asterium , which was characterized at first to be new elements see Bowen [1927] Grotrian [1928] Rabinowitsch [1928]). 

The contributions of different stars to nucleosynthesis depend on their initial mass and chemical composition, their mass loss history in the course of evolution and effects of close binaries (especially SN la). When mass loss is small, as is believed to be the case for low metallicities, the distribution of primary elements (those synthesized directly from hydrogen and helium) in ejecta from massive stars is mainly the result of hydrostatic evolution with some modifications to deeper layers resulting from explosive nucleosynthesis in the final SN outburst, classically... 

Here, then, for the first time in the history of Chemistry, we have the undoubted formation of one chemical element from another, for, leaving out of the question the nature of the emanation, there can be no doubt that radium is a chemical element. This is a point which must be insisted upon, for it has been suggested that radium may be a compound of helium with some unknown element or, perhaps, a compound ofhdium with lead, since it has been shown that lead is probably one of the end products of the decomposition of radium. The following considerations, however, show this view to be altogether untenable (i.) All attempts to prepare compounds of helium with other... 

The creation of carbon, like that of the other elements, is part of the history of the universe. All but the lightest of the natural elements were created in the cores of stars at extreme temperatures. In this process, called nucleosynthesis, protons are smashed together to form nuclei with more and more protons (heavier and heavier elements). Carbon was formed by collisions of three helium nuclei, each... 

The history of helium conservation measures dates hack to 1925 when the U.S. Congress passed ihe Helium Act of 1925. Congress amended the act in 19 >o to provide for stripping natural gas of its helinni. lor purchase ci 1 the separated helium by the government, and fur its long-ierm storage. In 1971, after about 28 billion cubic feel hud been stored i in a federally owned... 

Cook, G. A. (1961) Introduction and general survey. In Argon, Helium, and Rare Gases I. History, Occurrence and Properties, G. A. Cook, Ed., pp. 1-15. New York Interscience. 

Figure 3 briefly shows the structure, major specification and the history of the HTTR R D by JAEA. The reactor core is composed of graphite prismatic blocks. Fuels are inserted in the blocks as a shape of cylindrical graphite compacts in which tri-isotropic (TRISO)-coated fuel particles with U02 kernel are dispersed. The coolant helium gas of the HTTR is circulated at 4 MPa to an intermediate heat exchanger where high temperature heat is transferred to hydrogen production process. 

In the mid-1890s Dewar was responsible for one of the most important developments in the history of the Royal Institution the establishment and endowment of the Davy-Faraday Research Laboratory of the Royal Institution. This not only entailed the acquisition of a new building, but also the direct support of Dewar s cryogenic research. Success came in 1898 when he finally liquefied hydrogen. However, in the race with Heike Kamerlingh Onnes at the University of Leiden to liquefy helium, Dewar lost and the Nobel Prize went to Kamerlingh Onnes. Although Dewar was nominated several times, he never won the coveted prize. 

Helium l)-photoelectron spectra of silicon compounds History and achievements concerning their molecular states... 

This is what they thought at first. I m giving you a bit of history here. The reaction of beryllium-8 and helium-4 seemed too slow. There was one chance that the reaction speed could be boosted—if carbon-12 had a very special property an energy almost exactly equal to the combined energy of beryllium-8 and helium-4 at temperatures in a red giant. Chemists called this kind of facilitated nuclear reaction resonant. If by some miracle this were true, then the triple-alpha process could work. ... 

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