Heat Integration of Evaporators and Dryers—Summary

Like distillation, the appropriate placement of evaporators and dryers is that they should be above the pinch, below the pinch, but not across the pinch. The grand composite curve can be used to assess appropriate placement quantitatively. 

Also like distillation, the thermal profile of evaporators can be manipulated by changing the pressure. However, the degrees of freedom in evaporator design open up more options. 

Dryers are different in characteristic from distillation columns and evaporators in that the heat is added and rejected over a large range of temperature. Changes to dryer design can be directed by the plus/minus principle. 

and Jones, P. S., The Optimal Design of Integrated Evaporation Systems, J. Heat Recovery Sys. CHP, 10 341, 1990. 

and Linnhoff, B., The Design of Separators in the Context of Overall Processes, Trans. IChemE, ChERD, 66 195, 1988. 

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