Hayes studies

We have performed some experiments on the use of LSMs in the investigation of electrochemical interfaces. The system that we haye studied involves the adsorption of iodide onto a platinum/carbon LSM foDowed by the electrodeposition of a layer of copper. The LSM samples consisted of 15 platinum/carbon layer pairs with each layer having 26 and 30 angstroms of platinum and carbon, respectively, with platinum as the outermost layer. 

Afterward, analogous intermediates have been isolated by several authors in the nitration of other furan derivatives bearing electron-withdrawing substituents. Michels and Hayes studied the kinetics of the conversion of the addition intermediate into the final nitro-substituted derivative by the action of several bases. 

Creyoisier et al. (2002) haye studied the copolymers bearing two types of pendant groups one fluorinated (perfluorooctyl ethyl acrylate) group and one alkyl (equimolecular mixture of stearyl and palmityl methacrylate)... 

There are a few documented examples of studies of ligand effects on hydrolysis reactions. Angelici et al." investigated the effect of a number of multidentate ligands on the copper(II) ion-catalysed hydrolysis of coordinated amino acid esters. The equilibrium constant for binding of the ester and the rate constant for the hydrolysis of the resulting complex both decrease in the presence of ligands. Similar conclusions have been reached by Hay and Morris, who studied the effect of ethylenediamine... 

The nonvisual or subtle effects of air pollutants involve reduced plant growth and alteration of physiological and biochemical processes, as well as changes in the reproductive cycle. Reduction in crop yield can occur without the presence of visible symptoms. This type of injury is often related to low-level, long-term chronic exposure to air pollution. Studies have shown that field plantings exposed to filtered and unfiltered ambient air have produced different yields when no visible symptoms were present (5). Reduction in total biomass can lead to economic loss for forage crops or hay. 

Hayes, R.A. and Ralston, J., Application of atomic force microscopy in fundamental adhesion studies. In Mittal, K.L. and Pizzi, A. (Eds.), Adhesion Promotion Techniques — Technological Applications. Dekker, New York, 1999, pp. 121-138. 

Studies on Soil Polysaccharides and on Their Interaction with Clay Preparations. Soil Chemistry and Fertility, P. Finch, M. H. B. Hayes, and M. Stacey, (1966) Trans. Comm. II IV Int. Soc. Soil Sci., Aberdeen, G. V. Jacks, Ed. (1967) 19-32. 

Studies on the Fractionation of Humification Products of Ryegrass on Sand Columns, M. H. B. Hayes, M. Stacey, and J. Standley, Geoderma, 7 (1972) 105-111. 

Holland, H. D. (1974). Marine evaporites and the composition of sea water during the Phanerozoic. In "Studies in Paleo-oceanography (W. W. Hay, ed.), pp. 187-192. Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists, Tulsa, Oklahoma, Special Publication 20. 

Kalman D, Hayes K, Colby SM, et al Concurrent versus delayed smoking cessation treatment for persons in early alcohol recovery a pilot study. J Subst Abuse Treat 20 233-238, 2001... 

A.D. Roberts, Lubrication studies of smooth mbber contacts. The Physics of Tire Traction, Theory and Experiment. D.L. Hayes and A.L. Browne (eds.). Plenum Press, New York/London, 1974, 143. 

Experimental animals exposed to sublethal doses of cyclodienes show a similar picture, with changes in EEG patterns, disorientation, loss of muscular coordination and vomiting, as well as convulsions, the latter becoming more severe with increasing doses (Hayes and Laws 1991). It is clear from these wide-ranging studies that a number of neurotoxic effects can be caused by cyclodienes at levels well below those that are lethal. In the human studies described here, subclinical symptoms were frequently reported when dieldrin blood levels were in the range 50-100 pg/L, an order of magnitude below those associated with lethal intoxication. 

More controversially, endocrine disruption as a consequence of exposure to the herbicide atrazine (2-chloro-4-ethylamine-6-isopropylamine-s-triazine), one of the most widely used herbicides in the world, has also been hypothesized to explain various adverse biological effects in frog populations in the United States. Exposure to atrazine in the laboratory at high concentrations, far exceeding those found in the natural environment, has been reported to induce external deformities in the anuran species Rana pipiens, Rana sylvatica, and Bufo americanus (Allran and Karasov 2001). Studies by Hayes et al. have suggested that atrazine can induce hermaphroditism in amphibians at environmentally relevant concentrations (Hayes et al. 2002 Hayes et al. 2003). Laboratory studies with atrazine also indicated the herbicide... 

Due to an interest in studying their unusual reactivity (vide infra), several attempts were made to maximize yields of the strained dimers 74. Lengthening reaction times and decreasing substrate concentrations in the cyclooligomerization experiments proved fruitless. In response to this situation, a stepwise synthesis of the tetrahexyl-substituted dimer was developed as shown in Scheme 18. Surprisingly, Hay coupling of 77 resulted in an improved yield of the tetramer (45 vs 8 %) and a substantial decrease in the yield of dimer (13 vs 30%). This product distribution was unexpected, since intramolecular reactions are typically much faster than intermolecular reactions. 

In Swager s study, exposure of 2 to Hay conditions also failed to yield 1 or the corresponding tetrameric PDM (76, R=H). Preparation of the latter molecule, however, was reported almost simultaneously. Starting with known o-iodo-... 

MacDonald, W.R. and Hayes, K.E. (1970) Comparative study of the rapid adsorption of oxygen by silver and gold. Journal of Catalysis, 18, 115-118. 

Curtis GH, Hay RL (1972) Further geological studies and potassium-argon dating at Oludvai Gorge and Ngorongoro Crater. In Calibration of Hominid Evolution. Bishop WW, Miller JA (eds), Scottish Academic Press, Edinburgh... 

Hay, P. J., Martin, R. L., 1998, Theoretical Studies of the Structures and Vibrational Frequencies of Actinide Compounds Using Relativistic Effective Core Potentials With Hartree-Fock and Density Functional Methods ... 

C. Hayes, V. Butler, and W. Gersony, Serum digoxin studies in infants and children, Pediatrics, 52, 561 (1973). 

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