Graphitic MCMBs

From these data, the two types of materials that can be considered as suitable for lithium-ion applications are MCMB and natural graphite. MCMB are widely used at the moment. Data in Table 1 shows that natural graphite can be an attractive candidate for the application in question as well. 

FIGURE 7.18 Nitrogen adsorption isotherms at 77 K of synthetic graphite (a), pitch-derived hard carbon (b), and graphitized MCMB 25-28 (c). 

FIGURE 7.19 Scanning electron microscope pictures of a pitch-based hard carbon (a), graphitized MCMB 25-28 (courtesy of Osaka Gas Chemical Co.) (b), coated natural graphite (c), and synthetic graphite (d). 

Fig. 2.26 First-cycle charge-discharge curves of Li/graphite (MCMB) half-cells with different electrolytes, (a) 1 M LiPF /EC + DECd ), (b) 1 M LiPFs/EC-l-DEC + DMMPp (1 1 2), (c) 1 M LiPF(,/EC + DEC-l-DMMPp (l l 2) + 5 wt% VEC...

Graphitic carbon materials include artificial graphite, graphitic MCMBs, graphitic carbon fibers, and modified natural graphite. Other graphitic carbons manufactured from polymers are not discussed here since they are rarely applied for lithium-ion batteries. 

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