Glutaric acid from cyclopentanone

Fit a 3-litre rovmd-bottomed flask with a long reflux condenser and a dropping funnel (1). Place a mixture of 400 ml. of concentrated nitric acid and 600 ml. of water in the flask and heat nearly to boiling. Allow 100 g. (116 ml.) of cycZopentanone (Section 111,73) to enter the hot acid dropwise, taking care that the first few drops are acted upon by the acid, otherwise an explosion may occur the addition is complete in 1 hour. Much heat is evolved in the reaction so that the flame beneath the flask must be considerably lowered. Omng to the evolution of nitrons fumes, the reaction should be carried out in the fume cupboard or the fumes 

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