Glucose general chemistry

IV. General Chemistry of 2-Amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose 1. Acyl Derivatives... 

Dry chemistry tests are used for the assay of metaboHtes by concentration or by activity in a biological matrix. In general, reactive components are present in amounts in excess of the analyte being deterrnined to make sure that the reactions go to completion quickly. Other enzymes or reagents are used to drive the reactions in the desired direction (25). Glucose and cholesterol are the analytes most commonly measured. 

Some differences between D-glucofuranurono-6,3-lactone (4) and D-glucose as regards their respective thermodynamic stabilities and their chemistry may be generalized as follows. 

When a-D-glucose or /3-D-glucose is dissolved in water, the ring opens and the open-chain structure is formed. The reaction is reversible, and an equilibrium is established between the open form and the two ring forms. The chemistry of the process is understood in terms of the chemistry of the aldehyde group. In general, aldehydes react reversibly with alcohols to give hemiacetals and then, in the presence of an acid catalyst (Chap. 8), acetals ... 

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