Glucopyranose enzymic synthesis

It appears that phosphorus is related to the formation of starch in the plant. Thus Hanes has synthesized a linear polysaccharide from a-D-glucopyranose 1-phosphate (Cori ester) through the action of potato phosphorylase. Dunlap and Beckmann and likewise Cori have found that the B-fraction activates this enzymic synthesis, while the A-frac-tion is inactive. It has not been established whether this effect is due to the branched character of the B-fraction or to the presence of phosphate in its structure. 

Fig. 8. Stereochemistry of reactions catalyzed by maltose phosphorylase with inversion of configuration. (A) a-Maltose synthesis from /3-D-glucopyranosyl phosphate and the reverse phosphorolysis of a-maltose (B) a-maltose synthesis from /3-D-glucopyranosyl fluoride plus a-D-glucose. X represents a protein component whose interaction with the axial 1-OH of a-D-glucopyranose is required to activate all reactions promoted by the enzyme. Reproduced from Tsumuraya et al., Arch. Biochem. Biophys., 281 (1990) 58-65, with permission of Academic Press.

The exo-p-D-2-acetamido-3-0-(D-l-carboxyethyl)-2-deoxyglucanase exo- -N-acetylmuramidase) produced by Bacillus subtilis growing under defined conditions is partly secreted and partly bound to the cell wall. The synthesis of this enzyme was induced, in decreasing order of efficiency, by a lysozymal digest of Micrococcus lysodeikticus cell walls, 2-acetamido-4-0-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-P-D-gIuco-pyranosyl)-3-0-(D-l-carboxyethyl)-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose, and 2-acetamido-4-0-[2-acetamido- 3-0-(d- 1 -carboxyethyl)-2-deoxy- P-D-glucopyranosyl]-2-deox y-D-... 

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