Glass-ionomer Cements - Compositions and Reactions

During the early stages of the setting reaction, both water uptake and water loss can occur. The matrix is sensitive to water attack and can degrade. It is therefore desirable that the material set as soon as possible once placed in the mouth. Light-cured varnishes are often used to seal newly placed restorations 

Attempts have been made to increase the strength of GICs by reinforcing them with metal fibers or flakes. Silver and gold powder have been mixed or fused with the glass powder part of the cement. Such approaches have resulted in improved wear resistance. The properties and clinical use of metal-reinforced glass-ionomer cements have recently been reviewed by Wasson (1993) and hence will not be repeated here [172]. 

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