Genetic duplication

Hoffmann, C.R., Boyle, J.F. Freemer, C.S. (1988) Induction of genetic duplications in Salmonella typhimurium by dialkyl sulfates. Environ, mol. Mutag., 11, 545-551... 

RP Anderson, JR Roth. Tandem genetic duplications in phage and bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 31 473-505, 1977. 

These workers propose that H bonding plays a role in the genetic duplication of nucleic acids. The Watson and Crick model has some features difficult to reconcile with experiment or intuition, but it seems clear that H bonds and the processes by which they are formed are links in the character-determining chemicals of living matter. 

Brief mention should be made of some of the other biochemical areas in which H bonds are potentially important. Emphasizing the brevity of our list, we suggest enzymes (1499) genetic duplication (2143, 1928) antibodies and their proposed lock and key structure (1584, 1511) surfaces, either within the cell or outside it (378) optical rotation of helical molecules (2216, 547) the steroid complexes recently proposed by Rich and Blow (1711b). See Chapter 11, where some of these topics are discussed. 

Cloning is a process that makes an exact genetic duplicate of an adult in a baby animal. 

Eukaryotic ceils possess a discrete, membrane-bounded nucleus, the repository of the cell s genetic material, which is distributed among a few or many chromosomes. During ceil division, equivalent copies of this genetic material must be passed to both daughter ceils through duplication and orderly partitioning of the chromosomes by the process known as mitosis. Like prokaryotic... 

Ben-Arie N., Lancet D., Taylor C., Khen M., et al. (1994). Olfactory receptor gene cluster on human Chromsome 17 possible duplication of an ancestral receptor repertoire. Hum Mol Genet 3, 229-235. 

Figure 5.27 Bacteriophage Mu. (a) Genetic map of Mu. (Confusingly, there are two G s, the G gene and the invertible G segment. These are different G s.) (b) Integration of Mu into the host DNA, showing the generation of a five-base-pair duplication of host DNA.

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