Generic unit

The building block of the superstructure representation is the generic reactor unit, which follows the shadow reactor concept (32). This generic unit is illustrated in Figure 4. Each generic unit consists of reactor compartments in each phase of the system, and each processes the reaction. The shadow reactor compartment assumes a state from the set of homogeneous reactors. The default units in the set include CSTRs and PFRs with side streams. The interface between a given pair of... 

Figure 5 Conventional reactor designs and generic unit counterparts. (From Ref. 34.)...

In both synthesis stages, superstructures of generic units are formulated, and the performance targets as well as a set of design candidates are obtained subsequently via robust stochastic optimization techniques. 

Semantic-Relationship 7 is-attached-to. This relationship is used primarily to define the boundary of a generic unit, by defining the ports... 

Semantic-Relationship 9 is-described-by. It is used to indicate the variables or relationships used to describe the behavior of a generic unit ... 

The tree o/generic-unit classes (Fig. 17). The subclass genericprocessing- unit, encompasses the various abstractions of processing systems plant, plant-section, augmented-unit, sub-unit. The sub-unit has a specific subclass, phase, to capture the specialized attributes of a material with uniform thermodynamic state. 

The tree of modeling-scope classes. It has two subclasses model and context. The first captures all those relationships that reflect assumptions, hypotheses, and conjectures, all of which define the contextu-ral scope of a model. The second captures the list of mathematical relationships describing the behavior of a generic-unit. 

Consider again the overall process of Fig. la. It can be represented by an instance of the modeling element, generic-unit (or, plant, if we want to take advantage of its special attributes). MODEL.LA. can derive automatically the necessary modeling instances for the refined plant of Fig. lb, through the invocation of the following semantic relationship ... 

Establish structural compatibility between the abstract and the set of refined generic units. 

More decorative and compact variations of this basic generic unit are on the market. (Fig. 28)... 

Figure 2.1 Generic unit operation for a separation process.

Figure 13.8 Schematic flow sheet for a process coupling use of a CSTBR and a generic unit operation for separation and concentration of a suspension of cells for recycle to enhance reactor productivity. The concentration factor /=X2/Xj.

This paper investigates an approach to process optimisation that allows construction of flowsheets in modular systems that can then be optimised using interval global optimisation methods based on branch and bound methods. The modular flowsheets are constructed with generic unit modules that can provide the interval bounds, linear bounds and derivative bounds using extended arithmetic types. Modular flowsheets are convenient and modular flowsheeting systems very popular. 

Flowsheets can be built up from generic units and then evaluated using the operations for an extended type, T, which provides the information necessary for the global optimisation algorithm. The variable type being used is intervals. Each unit calculates the output streams (where the input and output streams are usually a vector) and the cost associated with the unit as intervals. The summation of the costs provides the objective function. The design constraints are added outside the module to the optimisation problem. 

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