Gastric mucosa, isolated

Hall et al. [62] identified in a separate study the same glycoprotein in H,K-ATPase vesicles isolated from porcine gastric mucosa. A stoichiometric ratio of 1.2 1.0 was found for the deglycosylated protein (35 kDa)/catalytic 94-kDa protein. Furthermore, compelling evidence that this glycoprotein is the H,K-ATPase p subunit was provided by N-terminal sequence analysis of three protease V8-obtained peptides of the 35-kDa core protein. These peptides showed 30% and 45% homology with the Na,K-ATPase pi and pi subunit, respectively. 

Similar fucolipids were also isolated from hog gastric-mucosa, for example, fucolipids 45(a-d) having209 (A + H) activity, but human sal-... 

The active principle was shown to be salicin by Buchner in 1828 but the bitter taste and damage to the gastric mucosa limited its use. Piria isolated salicylic acid from salicin in 1838. In 1859, Kolbe discovered the structure and synthesis of salicylic acid and in 1897 acetylsalicylic acid was synthesized by Hoffmann. Two years later, in 1899, acetylsalecylic acid, the first nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug was registered under the name Aspirin (Fig. 2). 

Intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-stimulated add secretion in the isolated guinea-pig gastric mucosa was not inhibited by administration of an H2-receptor antagonist, as expected, although H 83/69 (timoprazole) induced a dose-dependent inhibition. This was the first experimental evidence for a site of inhibitory action beyond the panel of stimulatory cell membrane receptors. Interestingly, it was found that the initial lead compound (CMN 131), had no inhibitory effect on dibutyryl-cAMP-stimulated acid secretion, nor was it an H2-receptor antagonist [9],... 

Berglindh T, Obrink KJ. A method for preparing isolated glands from the rabbit gastric mucosa. Acta Physiol. Scand., 1976, 96(2), 150-159. 

C26. Cresseri, A., Isolation and physical and chemical properties of a vitamin Bj2 binding factor and other mucopolysaccharides from hog gastric mucosa. Vitamin Bj2 und Intrinsic Factor, 1 Europ. Symp., Hamburg, 1956 pp. 288-283. Enke, Stuttgart, 1957. 

V2. Vita, G., Monti, L., and Bucher, G, Separation and isolation of two biolog-ically-active fractions from hog gastric mucosa extract, by means of an ion-exchange resin. Ital. J. Biochem. 12, 33-39 (1963). 

Isolation and discovery of ghrelin support another control system for GH release in addition to GH-RH and SRIF. Ghrelin is a small 28 amino acid (AA) peptide released from neuroendocrine cells in the gastric mucosa that binds to the GH secretagogue receptor to induce the secretion of both GH-RH and GH itself. Ghrelin also induces food intake and the development of obesity. 

Most of these interactions between the NSAIDs and cimetidine, famotidine, nizatidine or ranitidine appear to be of no particular clinical importance. The general relevance of the isolated case of increased lomoxicam levels and severe gastric irritation with ranitidine is uncertain, but probably small. The H2-receptor antagonists as a group may protect the gastric mucosa from the irritant effects of the NSAIDs and concurrent use may therefore be advantageous. 

E. E. Crane and R. E. Davies, Electrical Potential Difference and Resistance of Isolated Frog Gastric Mucosa and Other Secretary Membranes, Trans. Faraday Soc. 46, 598 (1950). 

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