Gamma rays, description

Handhook of Experimental Stress Analysis , J. Wiley, NY (1950), p 982 (Fairly comprehensive description of y-ravs technique is given) 11) K. Siegbahm, "Beta and Gamma Ray Spectroscopy , Interscience, NY (1955) 12)W.J. Price, "Nuclear Radiation Detection ,... 

Selby, P.B., and P.R. Selby. Gamma-ray-induced dominant mutations that cause skeletal abnormalities in mice. II. Description of proved mutations. Mutat. 

Description Helium nucleus (not helium atom). Same properties as an electron but was ejected from the nucleus. Not a particle at all. Gamma rays are high-energy radiation. 

Fig. 9. Stratigraphical cross-section, Angel Formation, Angel Field The Upper Angel Formation is defined by the relatively clean, massive gamma-ray response, representing stacked mass-flow sandstones of marine origin that extend down to the Mid D. jurassicum boundary. All four wells encountered gas and condensate reserves within this stratigraphical interval (see Fig. 20 for a location map). Only at Angel-2 were major dolomite-cemented zones intersected (shaded), which cannot be explained by facies variations between the well locations, based on GR log motives and core descriptions of Upper Angel Formation sandstones.

All of these interactions by gamma rays with the detector can be modeled by a gamma-ray simulation program such as the previously cited Monte Carlo n-particle code, version 4. Modeling requires precise information on the location and material of the source, detector, and surroundings. A description of the detector such as that shown in Fig. 8.9 must be obtained from the supplier because the detector container is sealed. 

Gunnink, R. and Niday, J. B. 1972. Description of the GAMANAL program, UCRL-51061 in Computerized Quantitative Analysis by Gamma-ray Spectrometry. Vol. I. Livermore, CA Lawrence Livermore Laboratory. 

Table 1 A description of the gamma-ray sources used in this experiment is presented. Focal 1. is the focal length of the lens for the considered energy Ds is the distance between the source and the lens and Di is the distance between the lens and the projected image (where the detector is placed.)...

In 1899, Ernest Rutherford began to investigate the nature of the rays emitted from uranium. He found two particles, which he called alpha and beta particles. Soon he realized that uranium, while emitting these particles, was changing into another element. By 1912, over 30 radioactive isotopes were known, and many more are known today. The gamma ray, a third type of emission from radioactive materials similar to an X-ray, was discovered by Paul Villard (1860-1934) in 1900. Rutherford s description of the nuclear atom led scientists to attribute the phenomenon of radioactivity to reactions taking place in the nuclei of atoms. 

In the descriptions given in the following, refer to Table II for a listing of types of gamma-ray telescopes by energy band. 

---