Galactose Fischer projection

Once the eight Fischer projections have been written they are named m order with the aid of the sentence All altruists gladly make gum m gallon tanks The words of the sentence stand for allose altrose glucose mannose gulose idose galactose talose... 

The aldohexoses are allose, altrose, glucose, mannose, gulose, idose, galactose, and talose. The mnemonic All altruists gladly make gum in gallon tanks is helpful in writing the conect Fischer projection for each one. 

Convert the formula of galactose shown below into a Fischer projection formula and state whether it is the a or the p anomer. 

The simplest way to draw Haworth structures for these two sugars is to draw the chair conformations and then draw the flat rings with the same substituents in the up and down positions. For practice, however, let s lay down the Fischer projection for galactose. You should follow along with your molecular models. 

Draw Fischer projections for the product(s) formed by the reaction of D-galactose with the following compounds, and state whether each product is optically active or optically inactive (See Example 17.6)... 

L-Fucose is a component of bacterial cell walls. It is also called 6-deoxy-L-galactose. Using the description in Section 16.15, write its Fischer projection formula. 

The Fischer projection of D-galactose is shown below. Write the structure of a-D-galactopyranose and explain how it differs from a-D-glucopyranose. 

The aldohexose d-(-i-(-galactose can be obtained by hydrolysis of lactose, a disaccharide found in milk. When d-(+(-galactose is treated with nitric acid, it yields an optically inactive aldaric acid. When d-(+(-galactose is subjected to Ruff degradation, it yields d-(-(-lyxose (see Review Problem 22.15). Using only these data, write the Fischer projection formula for d-(+(-galactose. 

Figure 4.1 shows the formulas and names for D-aldoses using simplified Fischer projections. The occurrence of aldoses of importance in food is compiled in Table 4.1. Epimers are monosaccharides which differ in configuration at only one chiral C-atom. D-Glucose and D-mannose are 2-epimers. D-glucose and D-galactose are 4-epimers. 

What is the configuration of each of the asymmetric centers in the Fischer projection of a. D-glucose h. D-galactose c. D-ribose d. D-xylose e. D-sorbose ... 

Use Fischer projections to draw the D or L stereoisomers for glucose, galactose, and fructose. 

Glucose, galactose, and fructose are the most important monosaccharides. They are all hexoses with the molecular formula C5H12O6 and are isomers of each other. Although we can draw Fischer projections for their d and l stereoisomers, the d stereoisomers are more commonly found in nature and used in the cells of the body. The Fischer projections for... 

Galactose, C6H12O6, is an aldohexose that is obtained from the disaccharide lactose, which is found in milk and milk products. Galactose is important in the cellular membranes of the brain and nervous system. The only difference in the Fischer projections of D-glucose and o-galactose is the arrangement of the —OH group on carbon 4. 

How does the Fischer projection of D-galactose differ from that of D-glucose ... 

---