Gadolinium niobates

Compared with the high symmetry of site, the asymmetrical fields have a drastic influence on the spectroscopic properties of Bi ". The lowest excitation level shifts toward higher energy, whereas the Stokes shift increases. The Se site has better resistance to thermal impact than the C2 site at higher temperature [57]. A similar conclusion was reported in Bi -doped yttrium or gadolinium niobates [58]. 

Jing XP, Gibbons C, Nicholas D, Silver J, Vecht A, Frampton CS (1999) Blue luminescence in 5dtrium and gadolinium niobates caused by bismuth. The importance of non-bonding ns valence orbital electrons. J Mater Chem 9 2913... 

Liu XM, Lin J (2007) Enhanced luminescence of gadolinium niobates by Bi " doping for field emission displays. J Lumin 122-123 700... 

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