Fungi tricarboxylic acid cycle

Contrary to what was formerly believed, all bacteria and yeasts use the tricarboxylic acid cycle as the major pathway for terminal oxidation. A small shunt in the cycle is made by some bacteria (e.g. E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and fungi (e.g. Aspergillus and yeasts) as follows, /yocitrate is dis-mutated to succinate and glyoxylate the latter is then dimerized to malate which, like succinate, is a normal constituent of the cycle. The bloodstream form of many parasitic trypanosomes, which lack mitochondria, have no tricarboxylic acid cycle. 

The fatty acids of lichens show some resemblance to those in non-lichen-forming fungi, but none are identical. Aliphatic acids, much rarer in lichens than in other plant groups, appear to be formed in a very different manner through the tricarboxylic acid cycle. Known higher aliphatic acids and related substances are acaranoic acid, acarenoic acid, (+)-aspicilin, (—)-caperatic acid, (—)-lichesterinic acid, linoleic acid, (—)-nephromopsinic acid, (+)-nephrosteranic acid, (+)-nephrosterinic... 

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