Fundamentals of Hydroamination

This section focuses on hydroamination catalyzed by transition metal complexes, but many studies on hydroamination catalyzed by acid, base, - main group metals such as mercury and copper, and heterogeneous catalysts have been reported. Because the elementary steps of the mechanisms of these reactions lie outside the scope of this text, this chapter does not present details of the hydroaminations conducted with these t5q es of catalysts. This material has been presented in many reviews. -  

Computational studies of the intermolecular addition of ammonia to ethylene have shown that the reaction is enthalpicaUy favored. The intermolecular reactions are entropi-cally disfavored. The thermodynamics for additions of arylamines to vinylarenes have been measured recently in solution. These studies are summarized in Equation 16.56, and have shown that additions to vinylarenes occur with free energies near zero. Additions of arylamines to vinylarenes are favored thermodynamically, but additions to -substituted vinylarenes are unfavorable, and high concentrations are needed to obtain the addition products in acceptable )deld. 

The scope of hydroamination now includes many types of compounds containing N-H bonds and many types of alkenes and alkynes. Because the scope of these reactions is rapidly changing and many reviews of these processes have been published elsewhere, this section of the chapter provides a broad overview of the scope of these reactions. It then 

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