Fundamental quantities of mass and volume

Standard molar volume and density (at room temperature) 

Molecules are composed of atoms, so that eventually mass and volume of molecules are determined by mass and volume of the atoms. Whereas the mass of molecules is the simple sum of the masses of the composing atoms, the volume of molecules is not just the sum of the atomic volumes. 

In Table 4.1 the (molar) masses of the atoms of the elements, normally occurring in polymers, are given in g/mol. Table 4.1 also shows two characteristic spatial dimensions the Van der Waals radius and the covalent atomic radius. 

The Van der Waals radius is determined by the outer electron shell of the atom. If two neutral atoms (in the simplest case atoms of noble gases) approach each other - without reacting chemically - the sum of the Van der Waals radii will be their closest distance. 

Van der Waals Radius (nm), according to Covalent atomic Slonimskii 

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Functional structural groups, 129 Fundamental quantities of mass and volume, 72 Fundamental viscoelastic phenomena, 406... 

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