Fundamental Electrochemistry of Graphite

Carbon based electrode materials have long been utilised within electrochemistry and have out-performed the traditional noble metals in many significant areas, resulting in them being at the forefront of innovation in this field [ 1 ]. This diverse and sustained success is due to carbons structural polymorphism, chemical stability, low cost, wide operable potential windows, relative inert electrochemistry, rich surface chemistry and electro-catalytic activities for a variety of redox reactions [1,2]. 

Brownson and C. E. Banks, The Handbook of Graphene Electrochemistry, DOI 10.1007/978-l-4471-6428-9 3, Springer-Verlag London Ltd. 2014 

The term mosaic spread is used to characterise the quality of HOPG which is performed via X-ray crystallography with CuKa radiation by measuring 

Cut here for bosnl plunv pyrolytic ropliite electroilc 

---

Finally, the understanding of the chemistry of carbon and its stability in hot phosphoric acid in relation to its use as electrocatalyst supports, has led to the use of highly graphitic carbons, where the fundamental electrochemistry now is well defined. 

---