Fullerene derivatives regioselective synthesis

A very versatile tool for the synthesis of monomeric aza[60]fullerene derivatives 32 is the Mannich fimctionalization (Scheme 12.11), where 2 is typically treated in ODCB with an excess of the carbonyl compoimd and 40 equiv. TsOH at 150 °C in a constant stream of O2 [21, 22, 26]. After 15 min the conversion is usually completed and the Mannich bases are formed in good yield and complete regioselectivity. 

Regioselective Synthesis of Fullerene Derivatives and Separation of Isomers of the Higher Fullerenes... 

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