Frolich mode

It is quite obvious from the above that disorder of any kind will reduce the CDW or BOW responses and the PLD fluctuations. Consequently, T% will decrease and will eventually disappear for large enough disorder [69]. Defects will also pin the Frolich mode and produce phase and amplitude modulations in the order parameter. Impurities may ionize (dopants) and produce charged solitons and discommensurations [70]. The commensurability pinning will decrease, affecting the soliton energy and width, as does the umklapp pinning. 

A divergence in (40) identifies a mean-field transition temperature to a state with LRO. Below the transition temperature, there will be an order parameter describing this LRO in which all chains are synchronized. If it is incommensurate, it will be able to slide (the Frolich mode). Close to the transition temperature, there is a critical region in which fluctuations will play an important role [4,5,37], The RG is a key ingredient in the... 

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