Frans-2-Butenedioic acid

Figure 10-3 Fractional composition diagram for fumaric acid (frans-butenedioic acid). At low pH, HjA is the dominant form. At intermediate pH, HA is dominant and, at high pH, fif dominates. Because p/C, and pfq are not separated very much, the fraction of HA never gets very close to unity.

$Figure 10-3 Fractional composition diagram for fumaric acid (frans-butenedioic acid). At low pH, HjA is the dominant form. At intermediate pH, HA is dominant and, at high pH, fif dominates. Because p/C, and pfq are not separated very much, the fraction of HA never gets very close to unity.$

Exercise 18-51 The c/s- and frans-butenedioic acids give the same anhydride on heating, but the trans acid must be heated to much higher temperatures than the c/s acid to achieve anhydride formation, Explain, Write a reasonable mechanism for both reactions,... [Pg.850]

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