Franchimont

The preparation of a-cellobiose octaacetate by the acetolysis of cellulose was discovered by Franchimont, and the process has been studied carefully by a number of other investi-... 

Kim NY, Pandya AG (1998) Pigmentary diseases. Med Clin North Am 82 1185-1207 Pierard GE, Pierard-Franchimont C, Laso Dosal F et al (1991) Pigmentary changes in skin senescence. J Appl Cosmetol 9 63-67... 

Dl. Damas, P Reuter, A., Gysen, P., Demonty, J., Lamy, M., and Franchimont, P., Tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-1 serum levels during severe sepsis in humans. Crit. Care Med. 17, 975-978 (1989). 

The highly polymerised compound cellulose is broken down into its octa-acetyl disaccharide cellobiose by acetolysis (Franchimont, Skraup, Ost). The bioses belong to the important group of glucosides. 

In the Franchimont test [42], nitramines are reduced to nitrite ions by zinc and acetic acid and then subjected to the Griess reaction. A modification of this test was used for the identification of nitramine impurities in RDX [43]. 

WWII. Ethylenedinitramine, EDNA or Haleite, first prepd in 1887 by Franchimont Klobbie and developed in 1935 as a military explosive by G.C. Hale, was standardized during WWII as a component of EDNATOL (EDNA+TNT) serving as bursting charge for bombs and shells (Ref 70, pp 131-R and 154). See also Vol 6 of Encycl, pp E238ff... 

Ether, chloroform and benzene — very si s>>1 It was first prepd in 1888 by Franchimont (Refs 1 2), but its value as a military expl was not recogoized until Dr Hale prepd and examined it at Picatinny Arsenal (Ref 3)... 

He is known not only for his teaching but also for his research, some of which had practical technical importance, such as his work on cellulose acetate nitric acid. Professor Franchimont held honorary. membership in the Chemical Society of London (1898), the Royal Institution of Great Britain Ireland (1899), the Order of the Dutch Lions, and the Legion of Honor (Refs 1 2)... 

Franchimont D etal Glucocorticoids and inflammation revisited The state of the art. Neuroimmunomodulation 2002-03 10 247. [PMID 12759562]... 

R. N. Jones and Thom [3] adduce the two following typical absorption curves for nitramines a primary — ethylenedinitramine — Fig. 2 and a secondary — 2,5-dinitro-2,5-diazahexane (according to R. N. Jones and Thom) — Fig. 3. They have also been investigated by Baly and Desch [4], Franchimont and Backer [5], Carmack and Leavitt [6] and Corey, Dekker, Malmberg, Le Rosen, and Schroeder [7]. 

Concentrated nitric acid decomposes some primary nitramines methylnitramine, for example, is decomposed by anhydrous nitric acid, even at a temperature below 0°C, to form methyl nitrate and N20 (Franchimont [16]). 

The concentration of alkali required depends on the properties of the radicals R and R1. The more electrophilic the radicals and the more dcidic the nitramine, the easier the course of reaction. Secondary nitramines are decomposed by an aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide. The reaction conditions, including the concentrations of NaOH solutions differ according to the substance. Van Erp and Franchimont [21] found that the reaction proceeded by the following mechanism ... 

As early as 1910, Franchimont[16] observed that primary nitramines (and nitro-paraffins) react with formaldehyde and secondary amines (e.g. piperidine). The formation of aminomethylnitramines (IV) then occurs ... 

This type of reaction can be illustrated by the nitration of methylamine according to Franchimont [37] (6) ... 

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